will there be a dawn of cyborg astronauts?

Could we use brain-machine interfaces to harden our astronauts against some of the most pressing dangers of space travel?

Not too long ago, yours truly wrote another article for Discovery News looking into a solution for some of the most pressing problems with human exploration of the solar system in computer science circles. Our bodies are used to a certain gravity, range of atmospheric pressures and oxygen. They don't like being bombarded by radiation or be suspended in freefall for months on end. In fact, they tend to fall apart when that happens. The bones become brittle as the body reabsorbs calcium, hearts shrink, radiation damages cells and triggers the growth of tumors, muscles atrophy, and our sense of balance is compromised. If we wanted to cruise through our solar system we'd need to fix all that, but considering what the fix may be, who would volunteer for the job?

So what exactly do we computer geeks propose would temper us for surviving on alien worlds? How about an extensive set of surgeries that would turn astronauts into cyborgs to a point currently seen only in sci-fi books and movies? While the actual technology to do this is still decades away, all the fundamental underpinnings are already there and being used to the benefit of coma and trauma patients. Of course there's a catch with a series of highly invasive and intensive surgeries for the purpose of space exploration the article points out…

But those who are healthy, strong and very active by our terrestrial standards, might have a hard decision on their hands and doctors would have plenty of second thoughts before replacing major parts of their skeletons and implanting electrodes in their brain.

Realistically, before you start setting up plans for getting to Mars or any other world beyond the Moon, we need to ask ourselves how committed we are to human exploration and how seriously we're going to take it. There will be a lot of beneficial outcomes from developing rugged technologies to survive deep space travel, but we have to keep in mind that once we start tinkering with some fundamental human anatomy and those who put their bodies on the line for science will never be quite the same again for the rest of their lives, there's a whole new level of commitment involved and their contributions could never be taken lightly.